Back To Basics: Teaching The Statement Of Cash Flows

A conceptual foundation for the Statement of Cash Flows based on the ten elements of financial statements provides students with a deep understanding of core accounting concepts.  Traditional methods of teaching the statement of cash flows tend to focus on statement preparation rules, masking the effect of business events on the change in cash.  Accounting majors and non-majors alike both benefit from a clear understanding of the direct relationship between economic events and financial statement elements.  This teaching note provides a conceptual illustration of the Statement of Cash Flows based on the ten elements of financial statements. The teaching method used is based on the belief that “keeping it simple” results in deeper understanding.  This paper develops an equation for the Statement of Cash Flows directly from the Balance Sheet focusing on ten elements of financial statements. The equation analysis is followed by a flowchart illustrating the process and a simple numeric example.  

Artificial neural network control of a nonminimum phase, single-flexible-link

©1996 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other users, including reprinting/ republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted components of this work in other works.Presented at the 1996 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA), April 22-28, 1996, Minneapolis, MN.DOI: 10.1109/ROBOT.1996.506994A single-link flexible manipulator with a rotary actuator at one end and a mass at the other is modeled using the Lagrangian method coupled with an assumed modes vibration model. A SIMO state space model is developed by linearizing the equations of motion and simplified by neglecting natural damping. Laplace domain pole-zero plots between torque input and tip position show nonmzmmum phase behavior. Nonminimum phase behavior causes difficulty for both conventional and artificial neural network (ANN) inversemodel control. The most promising ANN method for the control of flexible manipulators does not appear to converge to a solution when the system is lightly damped. To overcome this limitation, a modified cost junction is proposed. Simulations show that the ANN is able to converge to a solution even in the case of no damping. The modified approach fails, however, for beams exceeding some critical length measure. Identification of the critical length and proposals for extending the result are discussed

Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome

The sequence of the human genome encodes the genetic instructions for human physiology, as well as rich information about human evolution. In 2001, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium reported a draft sequence of the euchromatic portion of the human genome. Since then, the international collaboration has worked to convert this draft into a genome sequence with high accuracy and nearly complete coverage. Here, we report the result of this finishing process. The current genome sequence (Build 35) contains 2.85 billion nucleotides interrupted by only 341 gaps. It covers ∼99% of the euchromatic genome and is accurate to an error rate of ∼1 event per 100,000 bases. Many of the remaining euchromatic gaps are associated with segmental duplications and will require focused work with new methods. The near-complete sequence, the first for a vertebrate, greatly improves the precision of biological analyses of the human genome including studies of gene number, birth and death. Notably, the human enome seems to encode only 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes. The genome sequence reported here should serve as a firm foundation for biomedical research in the decades ahead

Using Humorous Sitcom Clips In Teaching Federal Income Taxes (Funny Things Can Happen On The Way To Filing And Paying Income Taxes)

This article shares the motivation, process, and outcomes of using humorous scenes from television comedies to teach the real world of tax practice. The article advances the literature by reviewing the use of video clips in a previously unexplored discipline, discussing the process of identifying and selecting appropriate clips, and introducing and reviewing fair use guidelines for copyrighted video materials in the classroom

IRS enforcement activities: Past, present, and future

In the wake of the IRS Restructuring and Reform Act of 1998, the IRS has made significant changes in the way it conducts its enforcement and collection activities. This article discusses these changes and their effect on individual taxpayers. It also provides practice tips for dealing with IRS enforcement activities and looks at what the future may hold in this area

Income tax crime and government responses in the United States 1998-2007

Purpose : The most recent IRS estimate puts the individual tax gap at $245 billion per year. This study seeks to develop and review performance measures for the seven most important IRS programs aimed at reducing the tax gap. Design/methodology/approach : The study develops and analyzes performance measures for the last ten years. The performance measures include discovery rates, penalty rates, penalty dollars, abatement rates, abatement dollars, collection activity rates, and criminal enforcement activities (number of special agents, investigations, referrals, indictments, sentences, and length of sentences). Findings : The results are mixed regarding changes in performance measures. There was almost no change in audit rates and increases in other IRS discovery programs. There was a steady decrease in civil penalties for the first seven years followed by increases in latest three years. There were decreases in abatements for most penalties, a dramatic decrease in seizures, and significant increases in liens and levies. There were noteworthy decreases in the number of special agents and criminal investigations. The relatively small number of criminal investigation activities is surprising given the amount of the tax gap. Originality/value : This study examines all major programs aimed at the individual tax gap